{"id":10517,"date":"2007-12-14T12:07:36","date_gmt":"2007-12-14T09:07:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.synevo.ro\/afectiuni\/alergeni-profesionali\/"},"modified":"2020-07-10T13:00:45","modified_gmt":"2020-07-10T10:00:45","slug":"alergeni-profesionali","status":"publish","type":"synevo_diseases","link":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/afectiuni\/alergeni-profesionali\/","title":{"rendered":"Alergeni profesionali"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #00539f;\"><strong>Alergeni profesionali &#8211; Bolile alergice profesionale<\/strong> <\/span>rezult\u0103 \u00een urma contactului cu alergeni prezen\u0163i la locurile de munc\u0103. Severitatea simptomelor este dictat\u0103 de orarul de lucru, exist\u00e2nd tendin\u0163a de dispari\u0163ie a manifest\u0103rilor clinice \u00een perioadele mai lungi de concediu. <!--more-->\u00cen mod obi\u015fnuit, contactul cu alergenii profesionali se realizeaz\u0103 prin inhalare \u015fi pe cale cutanat\u0103.<br \/>Testele imunologice \u201cin vivo\u201d (testarea cutanat\u0103) sau \u201cin vitro\u201d (determinarea IgE specifice \u00een ser) sunt utile pentru confirmarea prezen\u0163ei alergiei IgE mediate \u015fi identificarea alergenilor profesionali incrimina\u0163i \u00een producerea manifest\u0103rilor.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Una din cele mai frecvent \u00eent\u00e2lnite boli profesionale este <strong>astmul bron\u015fic profesional<\/strong> \u2013 afec\u0163iune caracterizat\u0103 prin crize recurente de obstruc\u0163ie bronsic\u0103, reversibile spontan sau prin tratament, provocate de expunerea la noxe (pulberi, vapori, aerosoli, gaze) degajate \u00een atmosfera locurilor de munc\u0103 prin diverse procese tehnologice.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Exist\u0103 dou\u0103 tipuri de astm profesional<\/strong>, diferen\u0163iate pe baza existen\u0163ei sau absen\u0163ei unei perioade de laten\u0163\u0103 \u00eentre expunere \u015fi apari\u0163ia simptomelor: <span style=\"color: #00539f;\"><strong>astmul cu perioada de laten\u0163\u0103<\/strong><\/span>, la care se demonstreaz\u0103 implicarea mecanismului imunologic (sensibilizarea la anumite substan\u0163e) \u015fi <strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"color: #00539f;\">astmul \u201cchimic-iritativ\u201d<\/span>, <span style=\"color: #00539f;\">nealergic<\/span>, <span style=\"color: #00539f;\">f\u0103r\u0103 perioad\u0103 de laten\u0163<\/span>\u0103<\/span><\/strong>, la care sindromul de obstructie bronsic\u0103 se instaleaz\u0103 dup\u0103 o expunere la concentra\u0163ii mici\/medii de gaze iritante, sub pragul la care se declan\u015feaz\u0103 o reac\u0163ie bronhospastic\u0103 la to\u0163i subiec\u0163ii expu\u015fi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Astmul bron\u015fic profesional trebuie diferen\u0163iat de astmul agravat la locul de munc\u0103 \u2013 astmul bron\u015fic preexistent, exacerbat de diver\u015fi factori prezen\u0163i la locul de munc\u0103: efort fizic sus\u0163inut, umezeal\u0103, praf, vapori, fum de \u0163igar\u0103.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Principalii agen\u0163i etiologici ai astmului alergic profesional<\/strong> cuprind \u00een general alergeni comple\u0163i (de origine animal\u0103 sau vegetal\u0103: p\u0103r, pene \u015fi alte produse de la animale domestice \u015fi de laborator, acarieni, insecte, mucegaiuri, f\u0103in\u0103 de pe\u015fte, crustacei, fructe de mare, enzime proteolitice, plante de cultur\u0103, furajere sau ornamentale, pulbere de esen\u0163e indigene sau exotice, latex) sau haptene (compu\u015fi chimici micromoleculari: izociana\u0163i, vapori de formaldehid\u0103, anhidride, amine\u00a0\u015fi diamine, r\u0103\u015fini epoxidice, compu\u015fi ai platinei, cromului hexavalent, vanadiului, nichelului, cobaltului, antibiotice). Durata expunerii necesare pentru instalarea unei sensibilizari este foarte variabil\u0103: de la c\u00e2teva s\u0103pt\u0103mani sau luni, \u00een cazul alergenilor puternici (ricin, guma arabic\u0103, enzime proteolitice, etc.) p\u00e2na la 10-15 ani \u00een cazul alergenilor slabi (ex: f\u0103ina de cereale).<sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Exemple de alergeni profesionali ce pot fi identifica\u0163i prin determinarea IgE specifice \u00een serul persoanelor sensibilizate sunt: izociana\u0163ii, anhidrida ftalica, formaldehida, cloramina T, etilen oxidul, alfa-amilaza, sitophilus granarius, latexul, frunza de tutun.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\"><div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><p><strong>Analize medicale disponibile \u00een laboratoarele Synevo:<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\"><div class=\"synevo-shop-products\">\r\n    <div class=\"sysprod\">\r\n        \r\n        <div class=\"sysprod-products\">\r\n                            <div class=\"sysprod-product\">\r\n                    <a class=\"sysprod-product-title\" href=\"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/shop\/latex-ige-specific\/\">Latex, IgE specific<\/a>\r\n                    <div class=\"sysprod-product-price\">\r\n                        <span>Pre\u021b:<\/span>\r\n                        <span>380.00 lei<\/span>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                                            <div class=\"sysprod-product-addcart\">\r\n                            <a\r\n                                href=\"?add-to-cart=9388\"\r\n                                data-quantity=\"1\"\r\n                                class=\"addToCart button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart \"\r\n                                data-product_id=\"9388\"\r\n                                data-product_sku=\"AL52\"\r\n                                rel=\"nofollow\"\r\n                            ><div><\/div><\/a>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                                    <\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n        \r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n.synevo-shop-products {\r\n    padding: 24px 0;\r\n    margin: 24px 0;\r\n    border-radius: 10px;\r\n    background: #F6F7F9;\r\n}\r\n.synevo-shop-products .sysprod-product {\r\n    position: relative;\r\n    margin: 0 24px;\r\n    margin-bottom: 24px;\r\n    border-radius: 10px;\r\n    background: #fff;\r\n    display: flex;\r\n    flex-direction: row;\r\n    align-items: center;\r\n}\r\n.synevo-shop-products .sysprod-product:last-child {\r\n    margin-bottom: 0;\r\n}\r\n.synevo-shop-products .sysprod-product-title {\r\n    flex-grow: 1;\r\n    padding: 15px;\r\n    margin-left: 14px;\r\n    font-family: Poppins,sans-serif;\r\n    font-weight: 600;\r\n    font-size: 16px;\r\n    color: #29263F;\r\n}\r\n.synevo-shop-products .sysprod-product-price {\r\n    flex-shrink: 0;\r\n    font-family: Poppins,sans-serif;\r\n    font-weight: 600;\r\n    font-size: 18px;\r\n    color: #FDB813;\r\n}\r\n.synevo-shop-products .sysprod-product-addcart {\r\n    flex-shrink: 0;\r\n    position: relative;\r\n    width: 38px;\r\n    height: 38px;\r\n    margin-left: 24px;\r\n    margin-right: 24px;\r\n}\r\n.synevo-shop-products .sysprod-product-addcart .button {\r\n    top: unset;\r\n    right: unset;\r\n}\r\n<\/style><\/div><\/div><p><strong><small>Bibliografie<\/small><\/strong><\/p><p><small>1. Nicolaie Muica, Marina Otelea. Astmul bron\u00eesic profesional. In Alergologie fiziopatologie, diagnostic si tratament Editura ALL, 1998: 437-446.<\/small><\/p><hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/><p>Mai multe informa\u021bii despre teste: <\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Alergeni industria alimentar\u0103<\/li><li><a href=\"\/shop\/pax5-reactivi-chimici-izocianati-tdi-mdi-hdi-si-anhidrida-ftalica\/\" class=\"rank-math-link\">Reactivi chimici<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/shop\/pax6-agenti-dezinfectanti-etilen-oxid-anhidrida-ftalica-formaldehida-cloramina-t\/\" class=\"rank-math-link\">Agen\u0163i dezinfectan\u0163i<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/shop\/ro201-frunza-de-tutun\/\" class=\"rank-math-link\">Frunza de tutun<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/shop\/k82-latex\/\" class=\"rank-math-link\">Latex<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p>vezi \u2013 Teste alergologice \u201cin vitro\u201d<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","synevo_diseases_category":[902],"class_list":["post-10517","synevo_diseases","type-synevo_diseases","status-publish","hentry","synevo_diseases_category-teste-alergologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/synevo_diseases\/10517","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/synevo_diseases"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/synevo_diseases"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10517"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"synevo_diseases_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/synevo_diseases_category?post=10517"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}