{"id":10515,"date":"2008-01-04T11:31:51","date_gmt":"2008-01-04T08:31:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.synevo.ro\/afectiuni\/profil-astmrinita-intermitenta\/"},"modified":"2020-07-10T12:31:55","modified_gmt":"2020-07-10T09:31:55","slug":"profil-astmrinita-intermitenta","status":"publish","type":"synevo_diseases","link":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/afectiuni\/profil-astmrinita-intermitenta\/","title":{"rendered":"Profil astm\/ rinit\u0103 intermitent\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #00539f;\"><strong>Rinita alergic\u0103<\/strong><\/span> este o afec\u0163iune inflamatorie a mucoasei nazale, indus\u0103 printr-o inflama\u0163ie IgE mediat\u0103, secundar\u0103 expunerii incidentale (sezoniere) sau persistente la alergene. <!--more-->Prevalen\u0163a suferinzilor de rinit\u0103 \u00een r\u00e2ndul pacien\u0163ilor care solicit\u0103 consulturi ORL \u015fi de alergologie se situeaz\u0103 \u00eentre <strong>28% \u015fi 60%<\/strong>, iar inciden\u0163a afec\u0163iunii cre\u015fte o dat\u0103 cu v\u00e2rsta.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dintre ace\u015ftia, aproape <strong>50% sunt diagnostica\u0163i cu rinit\u0103 alergic\u0103 (RA)<\/strong>. Prevalen\u0163a rinitelor alergice sezoniere, determinate de polenuri \u015fi de unele mucegaiuri, variaz\u0103 larg \u00eentre 1 \u015fi 40%, iar a celor perene este cuprins\u0103 \u00eentre 1 \u015fi 18%. Conform documentelor ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma), acreditate de OMS, rinita alergic\u0103 este o problem\u0103 global\u0103 de s\u0103n\u0103tate, care afecteaz\u0103 \u00eentre 5% \u015fi 50% din popula\u0163ia general\u0103 a globului. Tocmai datorit\u0103 num\u0103rului mare de persoane afectate \u015fi a implica\u0163iilor sociale pe care le presupune, rinita alergic\u0103 nu ar trebui s\u0103 fie minimalizat\u0103 nici de pacient, nici de medicul curant.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Clinic<\/strong> se manifest\u0103 prin simptome ca rinoreea apoas\u0103, prurit, str\u0103nut, congestie nazal\u0103.<br \/>Deoarece rinitele alergice sunt frecvent asociate cu astmul (in circa 40-50% dintre cazuri), conjunctivitele sau cu alte manifest\u0103ri alergice Ig E mediate, pacien\u0163ii cu acest tip de suferin\u0163e trebuie s\u0103 fie investiga\u0163i \u015fi pentru posibilele comorbidit\u0103\u0163i, precum \u015fi pentru alte forme de boal\u0103 asociate, cum sunt sinuzitele, polipoza nazosinusal\u0103, otitele, dermatita atopic\u0103 etc. Dintre toate aceste posibile asocieri, riscul de astm apare ca fiind cel mai posibil\u00a0\u015fi mai sever prognostic. \u00cen documentele OMS, rinitele alergice se clasific\u0103 dup\u0103 durata manifest\u0103rilor clinice corelat\u0103 cu cea a expunerii la alergene \u00een rinite intermitente\u00a0\u015fi persistente.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00cen cazul <span style=\"color: #00539f;\"><strong>rinitelor intermitente<\/strong><\/span> expunerea la alergene este incidental\u0103 sau sezonier\u0103, durata acesteia fiind de ordinul minutelor, orelor sau cel mult de s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni. Alergenele cel mai adesea incriminate sunt: polenurile, medicamentele ce induc sensibilizare Ig E mediat\u0103, epiteliile \u015fi al\u0163i alergeni animalieri, \u00een contact \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103tor cu indivizii sensibiliza\u0163i cel mai adesea prin expunere ocult\u0103.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Rinitele alergice intermitente cauzate de sensibilizarea la polenuri sunt cunoscute sub denumirea de polinoze. Cel mai adesea, sensibilizarea la polenuri induce o simptomatologie pluriorganic\u0103, \u00een care suferin\u0163a nazal\u0103 este constant\u00a0\u015fi important prezent\u0103. Simptomatologia debuteaz\u0103 fie brutal, \u00een cazul unor influen\u0163e climaterice favorizante, fie insidios\u00a0\u015fi progresiv, fiind acceptat termenul de \u201cpriming\u201d, care se coreleaz\u0103 cu o cre\u015ftere progresiv\u0103 a reactivit\u0103\u0163ii organelor responsive pe m\u0103sura unor expuneri subliminare pentru a declan\u015fa tabloul clinic de boal\u0103 alergic\u0103.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00cen cazul sensibiliz\u0103rii la polenuri, sunt de subliniat dou\u0103 aspecte clinice frecvent \u00eent\u00e2lnite, \u015fi anume: autolimitatarea evolu\u0163iei clinice, de unde \u015fi simptomatologia intermitent\u0103 corelat\u0103 cu durata poleniz\u0103rii specifice fiec\u0103rei plante, ca \u015fi posibilul r\u0103spuns la distan\u0163\u0103 de poarta de contact cu polenurile, datorat eliber\u0103rii sistemice a mediatorilor \u015fi citokinelor din celulele activate.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #00539f;\">Astmul bron\u0219i<\/span>c<\/strong><\/span> este un sindrom clinic caracterizat prin reducerea generalizat\u0103, variabil\u0103 si reversibil\u0103 a calibrului bronhiilor, cu crize paroxistice de dispnee expiratorie. Conform unor statistici realizate de OMS, la nivel mondial, \u00eentre <strong>100\u00a0\u015fi 150 milioane<\/strong> de oameni sufer\u0103 de astm, iar decesele cauzate de aceast\u0103 maladie <strong>dep\u0103\u015fesc 180.000 de victime anual<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Costurile pe care le implic\u0103 managementul astmului la nivel mondial le dep\u0103\u015fesc pe cele necesare pentru TBC\u00a0\u015fi HIV\/SIDA la un loc.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Simptomele astmului constau \u00een triada dispnee, tuse \u015fi wheezing, ultima fiind adesea considerat\u0103 sine qua non. \u00cen formele cele mai tipice, astmul este o afec\u0163iune episodic\u0103 \u015fi toate cele trei simptome coexist\u0103.<sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\"><div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><p><strong>Analize medicale disponibile \u00een laboratoarele Synevo:<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\"><div class=\"synevo-shop-products\">\r\n    <div class=\"sysprod\">\r\n        \r\n        <div class=\"sysprod-products\">\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n        \r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n.synevo-shop-products {\r\n    padding: 24px 0;\r\n    margin: 24px 0;\r\n    border-radius: 10px;\r\n    background: #F6F7F9;\r\n}\r\n.synevo-shop-products .sysprod-product {\r\n    position: relative;\r\n    margin: 0 24px;\r\n    margin-bottom: 24px;\r\n    border-radius: 10px;\r\n    background: #fff;\r\n    display: flex;\r\n    flex-direction: row;\r\n    align-items: center;\r\n}\r\n.synevo-shop-products .sysprod-product:last-child {\r\n    margin-bottom: 0;\r\n}\r\n.synevo-shop-products .sysprod-product-title {\r\n    flex-grow: 1;\r\n    padding: 15px;\r\n    margin-left: 14px;\r\n    font-family: Poppins,sans-serif;\r\n    font-weight: 600;\r\n    font-size: 16px;\r\n    color: #29263F;\r\n}\r\n.synevo-shop-products .sysprod-product-price {\r\n    flex-shrink: 0;\r\n    font-family: Poppins,sans-serif;\r\n    font-weight: 600;\r\n    font-size: 18px;\r\n    color: #FDB813;\r\n}\r\n.synevo-shop-products .sysprod-product-addcart {\r\n    flex-shrink: 0;\r\n    position: relative;\r\n    width: 38px;\r\n    height: 38px;\r\n    margin-left: 24px;\r\n    margin-right: 24px;\r\n}\r\n.synevo-shop-products .sysprod-product-addcart .button {\r\n    top: unset;\r\n    right: unset;\r\n}\r\n<\/style><\/div><\/div><p><strong><small>Bibliografie<\/small><\/strong><\/p><p><small>1. Rinitele alergice \u015fi astmul bron\u015fic, www.medic.ro, 2006.<\/small><\/p><hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/><p>Mai multe informa\u021bii despre teste:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"\/shop\/t3-polen-betulla-verrucosa-mesteacan\/\" class=\"rank-math-link\">Polen Betula verrucosa (mesteac\u0103n)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/shop\/g6-polen-phleum-pratense-timoftica\/\" class=\"rank-math-link\">Polen Phleum pratense (timoftic\u0103)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/shop\/w6-polen-artemisia-vulgaris-pelin\/\" class=\"rank-math-link\">Polen Artemisia vulgaris (pelin)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/shop\/m6-alternaria-alternata\/\" class=\"rank-math-link\">Alternaria alternata<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p>vezi \u2013 Teste alergologice \u201cin vitro\u201d<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","synevo_diseases_category":[902],"class_list":["post-10515","synevo_diseases","type-synevo_diseases","status-publish","hentry","synevo_diseases_category-teste-alergologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/synevo_diseases\/10515","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/synevo_diseases"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/synevo_diseases"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10515"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"synevo_diseases_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/synevo_diseases_category?post=10515"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}