{"id":9300,"date":"2020-04-23T04:34:05","date_gmt":"2020-04-23T01:34:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.synevo.ro\/product\/sodiu-seric\/"},"modified":"2026-02-19T01:25:38","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T23:25:38","slug":"sodiu-seric","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/shop\/sodiu-seric\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n

In fluidele din organism sodiul se gaseste in stare ionizata (Na+<\/sup>). Sodiul este prezent in toate umorile organismului, predominand in sectorul extracelular unde reprezinta cationul principal, in timp ce potasiul reprezinta cationul principal din spatiul intracelular. Aceasta distributie asimetrica a electrolitilor de o parte si alta a membranei celulare necesita schimbul activ prin intermediul Na+<\/sup>\/K+<\/sup>-ATPazei5<\/sup>. Preponderenta sodiului asupra celorlalti cationi se pastreaza si in alte lichide ale organismului: suc gastric, suc pancreatic, bila veziculara, suc intestinal, lichid cecal, sudoare, LCR. O cantitate relativ mare de sodiu se gaseste in cartilaje si ceva mai mica in oase. Sodiul de la nivelul scheletului reprezinta 15-30% din cantitatea totala a organismului, o cantitate de pana la 15-30% din acesta putand fi schimbata cu cel din lichidele extracelulare. Cantitatea totala de sodiu din oase creste cu varsta, in schimb fractiunea mobilizata diminua. Aceasta fractiune este importanta din punct de vedere clinic, prin faptul ca reprezinta un rezervor util in pierderile de sodiu si acidoza.<\/p>\n

Principalul rol al sodiului in organism este acela de a determina deplasarile de apa, fiind componentul principal al fortei osmotice a fluidelor. Toate miscarile sodiului produc deplasarea unei cantitati variabile de apa. Volumul lichidului din compartimentul extracelular este direct dependent de cantitatea totala de sodiu din organism. Concentratia sodiului plasmatic este identica cu cea din lichidul interstitial. Modificari acute in concentratia plasmatica a sodiului care nu sunt insotite de modificari similare ale potasiului intracelular, cum ar fi hiponatremia, duc la influxul apei din spatiul extracelular in cel intracelular, cu dezvoltarea edemului celular5<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

In conditii particulare, in tubul contort distal si tubul colector deplasarea Na+<\/sup> este urmata de o deplasare foarte mica de apa, deoarece la acest nivel, in lipsa hormonului antidiuretic (ADH), exista o impermeabilitate relativa a membranei tubulare pentru apa.<\/p>\n

In deplasarile sale, pentru realizarea unui echilibru electric, Na+ <\/sup>este urmat de anioni si in primul rand de Cl-<\/sup><\/strong> si HCO3<\/sub>-<\/sup><\/strong>. Fiind un metal alcalin si in deplasarile sale antrenand anionul bicarbonic, Na+ <\/sup>intervine in mentinerea echilibrului acido-bazic. De asemenea, Na+ <\/sup>intervine in excitabilitatea neuromusculara si in dinamica fenomenelor de polarizare si depolarizare a membranei celulare opunandu-se efectelor potasiului1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Mecanismele prin care organismul mentine constant nivelul sodiului din plasma si sectorul extracelular sunt reprezentate de: fluxul sanguin renal, activitatea anhidrazei carbonice, sistemul renina-angotensina-aldosteron, ADH, vasopresina, alti hormoni steroizi a caror concentratie plasmatica este controlata de hipofiza anterioara1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Pentru un adult normal sunt suficiente 3-5g sare in 24h, cantitate care inlocuieste pierderile urinare si cutanate si previne astfel bilantul sodic negativ. Principalele surse de sodiu sunt sarea de bucatarie si alimentele1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Recomandari pentru determinarea Na seric<\/em><\/strong> \u2013 investigarea echilibrului hidro-electrolitic si acido-bazic in diverse conditii patologice: deshidratare, diabet insipid, intoxicatie cu apa, sindroame diareice severe, edeme, insuficienta renala, hipertensiune, insuficienta cardiaca, ciroza hepatica, hipotiroidism, deficit sau exces de mineralocorticoizi, febra cu hiperventilatie, leziuni cerebrale cu hiperventilatie1;3;5<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Pregatire pacient <\/em><\/strong>\u2013 \u00e0 jeun (pe nemancate) sau postprandial; trebuie evitata compresia venoasa >2 minute5<\/sup>; nu se recolteaza sange din bratul prin care pacientul a primit recent o transfuzie3;4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Specimen recoltat <\/em><\/strong>\u2013 sange venos4<\/sup>.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Recipient de recoltare <\/em><\/strong>\u2013 vacutainer fara anticoagulant cu\/fara gel separator4<\/sup>.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Prelucrare necesara dupa recoltare<\/em><\/strong> \u2013 se separa serul prin centrifugare intr-un interval de 2 ore 4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Volum proba<\/em><\/strong> \u2013 minim 0.5 mL ser4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Cauze de respingere a probei <\/em><\/strong>\u2013 specimen hemolizat4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Stabilitate proba <\/em><\/strong>- <\/em>serul pastrat in tuburi inchise ermetic este stabil: 14 zile<\/em> la temperatura camerei, 14 zile<\/em> la 2-8\u00b0C si timp indelungat<\/em> la -20\u00b0C4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Metoda <\/em><\/strong>- <\/span><\/em>potentiometrica ISE (ion selective electrode<\/span>)4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Valori de referinta<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Varsta<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Valori mmol\/L<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

< 1 an<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

139 \u2013 146<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1 \u2013 18 ani<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

138 \u2013 145<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0412\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0435<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

136 \u2013 145<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Factor de conversie: mmol\/L = mEq\/L4<\/sup>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Limita de detectie<\/em><\/strong> - <\/em>80 mmol\/L4<\/sup>.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Valori critice<\/em><\/strong> \u2013 nivel scazut: <120 mmol\/L<\/strong>; nivel crescut: >160 mmol\/L<\/strong>5<\/sup>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Valorile <115 mmol\/L pot genera edem cerebral si hipertensiune intracraniana!<\/span><\/p>\n

Interpretarea rezultatelor<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Cresteri<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Scaderi<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Sodiu total \u2193 <\/em><\/strong>(pierderi disproportionate de Na+<\/sup> si apa):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022 diuretice, \u2022 diureza<\/p>\n

osmotica, \u2022 diaree la copii,<\/p>\n

\u2022 transpiratii.<\/p>\n

Sodiu total normal<\/em><\/strong> (pierderi de apa):<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022 diabet insipid, \u2022 pierderi insensibile cutanate si respiratorii.<\/p>\n

Sodiu total \u2191<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022 aport \u2191 de sodiu,<\/p>\n

\u2022 sindrom Conn, \u2022 boala Cushing, \u2022 dializa hipertona1;5<\/sup>.<\/td>\n

Volumul lichidului extracelular \u2193 si sodiu total \u2193:<\/em><\/strong>\u2022 diuretice, \u2022 nefrite cu pierdere de sare, \u2022 boala Addison, \u2022 deficit de glucocorticoizi, \u2022 diureza osmotica (diabetici cu glicozurie, post-dezobstructie de tract urinar), \u2022 acidoza tubulara renala, \u2022 alcaloza metabolica, \u2022 pierderi extrarenale de Na+<\/sup> si apa (pancreatita, peritonita, ileus, arsuri, diaree severa, varsaturi, transpiratii), \u2022 cetonurie.Volumul lichidului extracelular usor \u2191 si sodiu total normal:<\/em><\/strong>\u2022 sindromul secretiei inadecvate de ADH, \u2022 hipotiroidism, \u2022 polidipsie psihogena, \u2022 durere, stres, emotii, \u2022 status postoperatoriu (5% din pacienti), \u2022 medicamente.<\/p>\n

Volumul lichidului extracelular \u2191 si sodiu total \u2191<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(boli asociate cu edeme):<\/em><\/strong> \u2022 insuficienta cardiaca congestiva (nivelul sodiului seric este un factor de prognostic pentru mortalitate), \u2022 sindrom nefrotic, \u2022 insuficienta renala, \u2022 ciroza hepatica, \u2022 casexie, \u2022 hipoproteinemie1;5<\/sup>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Hipernatremia apare in special la varstnici debilitati si la copii mici care nu au acces la apa, iar la pacientii spitalizati este in parte iatrogena, datorata prescriptiei inadecvate de lichide la pacienti cu pierderi previzibile de lichide, aport redus de apa si sete alterata5<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Limite si interferente<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Osmolaritatea reflecta raportul dintre sodiul plasmatic si cantitatea totala de apa a organismului. In general modificari in concentratia sodiului plasmatic se asociaza cu modificari similare ale osmolaritatii. Totusi, se intalnesc unele exceptii; in timp ce hipoosmolaritatea se asociaza intotdeauna cu hiponatremie, hiponatremia poate fi prezenta in asociere cu osmolaritate plasmatica crescuta, normala sau scazuta5<\/sup>. Daca prezenta hiponatremiei a fost stabilita, in continuare trebuie determinata osmolaritatea pentru clasificarea hiponatremiei ca hipo-, eu- sau hiperosmolara. Daca este prezenta hiponatremia euosmolara, trebuie determinat nivelul trigliceridelor si proteinelor, pentru a identifica \u201cpseudohiponatremia\u201d datorata hipertrigliceridemiei sau hiperproteinemiei. Hiponatremia hiperosmolara se asociaza cu hiperglicemie, uremie, prezenta altor soluti, cum ar fi etanolul sau etilenglicolul5<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Medicamente<\/p>\n

Cresteri<\/strong><\/span>: amilorid, aminoacizi, ampicilina, betametazona, bicarbonat de sodiu, canabis, carbamazepin, cefotaxim, colestiramina, clonidina, contraceptive orale, corticosteroizi, cortizon, diazoxid, doxorubicina, etretinat, hormon de crestere, isosorbid, manitol, metildopa, metiltestosteron, prednisolon, prednison, progesteron, ramipril, tetraciclina, ticarcilina+acid clavulanic, zalcitabin.<\/p>\n

Scaderi<\/strong><\/span>: amilorid, aminoglutetimid, amfotericin, antiinflamatorii nesteroidiene, benazepril, captopril, carbamazepin, clorotiazida, clorpropamid, cisplatin, clozapin, ciclofosfamida, dapsona, desmopresin, doxepin, fluoxetin, foscarnet, furosemid, gentamicina, glimepirid, haloperidol, isosorbit dinitrat, itraconazol, ketoconazol, laxative, lisinopril, litiu, manitol, metilprednisolon, miconazol, morfina, nicardipina, nifedipina, omeprazol, pentostatin, propafenona, sertralin, somatostatin, spironolactona, tacrolimus, teofilina, ticlopidin, tobramicin, triamteren, trimetoprim, vasopresina, vincristin2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Interferente analitice: hemoliza determina niveluri fals scazute5<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u0411\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Frances Fischbach. Pulmonary Function, ANGs and Electrolyte Studies. In A Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA, 8 Ed., 2009, 1007-1009.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Frances Fischbach. Chemistry Studies. Effects of the Drugs on Laboratory Tests. In A Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA, 8 Ed., 2009, 1252.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. Laboratory Corporation of America. Directory of Services and Interpretive Guide. www.labcorp.com 2010. Ref Type: Internet Communication.<\/span><\/p>\n

4. Laborator Synevo. Referinte specifice tehnologiei de lucru utilizate 2010. Ref Type: Catalog.<\/span><\/p>\n

5. Lothar Thomas. Electrolyte and Water Balance. In Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics-Use and Assessment of Clinical Laboratory Results. TH-Books Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Frankfurt \/Main, Germany, 1 Ed., 1998; 287-294.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u2013 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0438 \u043c\u044b\u0448\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0418\u043e\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f\u00a0\u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442\u00a0\u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u0445\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0431\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442-\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c) \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e-\u0441\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430. \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u2013 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435, \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u044b\u0448\u0446.<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0436\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u0438 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u2013 \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0423\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0432\u043d\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n

\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043b\u044c. \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043d, \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043d, \u0445\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043d, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0433\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b. \u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434\u044b, \u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0443\u0437\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0435.<\/p>\n

\u041c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044e \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0447\u043e\u0439 (\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0434 \u0438 \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043d),<\/li>\n
  • \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044e \u0436\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0447\u043e\u0439 (\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d),<\/li>\n
  • \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0436\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b (\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u0412\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0432. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430. \u0427\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0433).<\/p>\n

    \u0418\u0437 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e. \u041e\u043d \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043e\u043d \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u044b\u0448\u0446\u044b. \u0411\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0431\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c.<\/p>\n

    \u041d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0445. \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0431\u043e\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b, \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0437\u0430, \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u0410\u0414\u0413, \u0432\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043d.<\/p>\n

    \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445.<\/li>\n
    • \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0437\u0433\u0430, \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0445, \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0446\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a, \u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u044b, \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f.<\/li>\n
    • \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435?<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0443 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 (\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432: \u0445\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c).<\/li>\n
      • \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a \u0438\/\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438.<\/li>\n
      • \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/li>\n
      • \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438 (\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f) \u0438 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438 (\u0436\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435, \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0447\u0438, \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0445, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0431\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0443\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n

        \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e?<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u041d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0443 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 12 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c.<\/li>\n
        2. \u041d\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 30 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u0434\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[953],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-9300","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","5":"product_cat-teste-de-biochimie","7":"first","8":"instock","9":"sold-individually","10":"shipping-taxable","11":"purchasable","12":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/9300","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9300"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9300"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=9300"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=9300"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=9300"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}