{"id":29538,"date":"2020-07-09T15:47:03","date_gmt":"2020-07-09T12:47:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.synevo.md\/?p=29538"},"modified":"2020-07-09T16:02:37","modified_gmt":"2020-07-09T13:02:37","slug":"intoleranta-la-lactoza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/intoleranta-la-lactoza\/","title":{"rendered":"Intoleran\u0163a la lactoz\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Intoleran\u0163a la lactoz\u0103 este cea mai r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 form\u0103 de deficit enzimatic, condi\u0163ionat\u0103 genetic<\/strong>. Pe m\u0103sura \u00eenaint\u0103rii \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 are loc o reducere fiziologic\u0103 progresiv\u0103 a activit\u0103\u0163ii lactazei \u00een celulele intestinale. Din acest motiv, simptomatologia se manifest\u0103 \u00een general la copilul mare, dar poate debuta \u015fi mai tarziu, la orice v\u00e2rst\u0103. Aceast\u0103 form\u0103 se nume\u0219te intoleran\u0163a primar\u0103 la lactoz\u0103 \u0219i este diferit\u0103 de intoleran\u0163a secundar\u0103, care apare \u00een cadrul unor afec\u0163iuni acute (infec\u0163ii intestinale) sau cronice (boala celiac\u0103, boala Crohn). \u00cen cadrul intoleran\u021bei secundare la lactoz\u0103, deficitul enzimatic se manifest\u0103 temporar \u015fi se remite dup\u0103 vindecarea sau ameliorarea bolii de baz\u0103.<\/p>

Testul genetic pentru intoleran\u0163a la lactoz\u0103<\/strong> stabile\u015fte predispozi\u0163ia genetic\u0103 pentru acest deficit enzimatic, prin determinarea genotipului C\/T. Testul se efectueaz\u0103 dintr-o prob\u0103 de s\u00e2nge \u015fi este o alternativ\u0103 neinvaziv\u0103, evit\u00e2ndu-se \u00eenc\u0103rcarea cu lactoz\u0103 a pacientului (procedura standard de eviden\u0163iere a unei digestii deficitare a lactozei). \u00cen plus, testul genetic poate face diferen\u0163ierea \u00eentre intoleran\u0163a primar\u0103 \u015fi cea secundar\u0103. \u00cen prezen\u0163a manifest\u0103rilor clinice, rezultatul pozitiv al testului genetic confirm\u0103 diagnosticul.<\/p>

Intoleran\u0163a la lactoz\u0103 este o afec\u0163iune caracterizat\u0103 prin incapacitatea de a digera \u015fi de a absorbi lactoza, proces care are loc \u00een mod normal \u00een intestinul sub\u0163ire prin ac\u0163iunea enzimei denumit\u0103 lactaz\u0103. \u00cen intoleran\u0163a la lactoz\u0103, cauza o constituie deficitul enzimatic; ca o consecin\u0163\u0103, lactoza r\u0103m\u00e2ne nedigerat\u0103, nu poate fi absorbit\u0103 \u015fi este supus\u0103 unui proces de fermenta\u0163ie \u00een intestinul gros, produc\u00e2nd simptome specifice.<\/p>

SIMPTOME<\/strong><\/p>

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Lactoza nedigerat\u0103 produce \u00een intestinul gros o serie de simptome: dureri abdominale, senza\u0163ie de plenitudine, meteorism, diaree, durere de cap (cefalee), hipoglicemie, precum \u015fi simptome de colon iritabil.<\/p>

INTOLERAN\u0162\u0102 LA LACTOZ\u0102 SAU ALERGIE?<\/strong><\/p>

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De cele mai multe ori intoleran\u0163a la lactoz\u0103 este confundat\u0103 cu alergia la lapte \u015fi produse lactate, de\u015fi este vorba de fenomene complet diferite. Intoleran\u0163a la lactoz\u0103 este o form\u0103 de intoleran\u0163\u0103 alimentar\u0103 provocat\u0103 de o activitate enzimatic\u0103 intestinal\u0103 redus\u0103, spre deosebire de alergie, \u00een care sistemul imun este pus \u00een alert\u0103 \u015fi sunt secreta\u0163i anticorpi.<\/p>

RECOMAND\u0102RI \u00ceN CAZUL INTOLERAN\u0162EI LA LACTOZ\u0102<\/strong><\/p>

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Lactoza este prezent\u0103 \u00een lapte \u015fi \u00een toate produsele lactate, dar \u015fi \u00een alte alimente, ca stabilizator \u015fi emulgator. Prelucrarea laptelui, ca de exemplu fierberea, NU are niciun efect asupra lactozei. Eliminarea din alimenta\u0163ie a produselor care con\u0163in lactoz\u0103 depinde de gradul afec\u0163iunii, care poate fi caracterizat de la intoleran\u0163\u0103 u\u015foar\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la intoleran\u0163\u0103 sever\u0103.<\/p>

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MEDICAMENTE<\/strong><\/p>

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Chiar \u015fi medicamentele, amestecurile de vitamine \u015fi pasta de din\u0163i pot s\u0103 con\u0163in\u0103 lactoz\u0103. Consulta\u0163i \u00eentotdeauna medicul \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu alternativele \u00een medica\u0163ie.<\/p>

ALIMENTA\u0162IA<\/strong><\/p>

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\u00cen cazul intoleran\u0163ei la lactoz\u0103 se recomand\u0103 o diet\u0103 lu\u00e2ndu-se \u00een considerare componentele alimentelor ingerate. Nu trebuie uitat c\u0103 lactoza este de multe ori ad\u0103ugat\u0103 \u00een diverse alimente ca emulgator (de exemplu \u00een compozi\u0163ia salamurilor) f\u0103r\u0103 a fi trecut\u0103 neap\u0103rat pe ambalaj.<\/p>

ALIMENTE CU CON\u0162INUT CRESCUT DE LACTOZ\u0102<\/strong><\/p>

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Urm\u0103toarele alimente con\u0163in lactoz\u0103 \u00een cantit\u0103\u0163i mari, nefiind recomandate \u00een dieta pacien\u0163ilor cu intoleran\u0163\u0103 la lactoz\u0103:<\/p>

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*La prepararea br\u00e2nzeturilor, lactoza este \u00een parte degradat\u0103 \u00een timpul fermenta\u0163iei; cantitatea de lactoz\u0103, care este transformat\u0103 \u00een acid lactic, este propor\u0163ional\u0103 cu gradul \u015fi timpul de fermentare.<\/em><\/p>

ALIMENTE CU CON\u0162INUT SCAZUT DE LACTOZ\u0102<\/strong><\/p>

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Alimentele care con\u0163in cantit\u0103\u0163i reduse de lactoz\u0103 nu creeaz\u0103 probleme, mai ales dac\u0103 sunt \u00eemp\u0103r\u0163ite pe parcursul zilei.<\/p>

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Informa\u0163iile men\u0163ionate mai sus au un caracter relativ, deoarece con\u0163inutul \u00een lactoz\u0103 al alimentelor variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u0163ie de produc\u0103tor.<\/p>

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ALIMENTE F\u0102R\u0102 CON\u0162INUT DE LACTOZ\u0102<\/strong><\/p>

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Carne\/pe\u015fte, legume \u015fi fructe proaspete, cartofi, paste f\u0103inoase, orez, fasole, maz\u0103re, linte uscat\u0103, cereale, mirodenii, verde\u0163uri, sucuri naturale de fructe, ap\u0103 mineral\u0103, cafea, ceai, produse lactate f\u0103r\u0103 lactoz\u0103 (men\u0163ionate de produc\u0103tor).<\/p>

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Intoleran\u0163a la lactoz\u0103 este cea mai r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 form\u0103 de deficit enzimatic, condi\u0163ionat\u0103 genetic. Pe m\u0103sura \u00eenaint\u0103rii \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 are loc o reducere fiziologic\u0103 progresiv\u0103 a activit\u0103\u0163ii lactazei \u00een celulele intestinale. Din acest motiv, simptomatologia se manifest\u0103 \u00een general la copilul mare, dar poate debuta \u015fi mai tarziu, la orice v\u00e2rst\u0103. Aceast\u0103 form\u0103 se nume\u0219te intoleran\u0163a … Continued<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29540,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[458],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29538","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sanatate-si-nutritie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29538","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29538"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29538\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29551,"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29538\/revisions\/29551"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29540"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29538"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29538"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.synevo.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29538"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}